Energy costs have risen significantly over the past few years. The good news: most homes have significant untapped efficiency potential. Here's where the biggest savings are and how to capture them.
HVAC efficiency is the biggest lever
Heating and cooling account for 43% of the average home energy bill. The highest-impact steps: upgrade to a smart thermostat ($100-$200 installed, saves $100-$180/year), replace a system over 12 years old, and seal duct leaks (professionally sealed ducts save 20-30% on HVAC energy). Change your air filter monthly.
Seal air leaks -- it's cheap and high impact
The EPA estimates that sealing air leaks can reduce energy bills by 10-20%. Common leak points: around electrical outlets and switches on exterior walls (use foam gaskets), around pipes entering the home, at the attic hatch, and at window and door frames. A tube of caulk and a can of spray foam costs under $30.
Water heating is the second biggest cost
Water heating accounts for 14-18% of home energy use. Key upgrades: insulate the first 6 feet of hot water pipes from the heater, lower your water heater to 120°F (most are set at 140°F), install low-flow showerheads ($15-$30 each), and use cold water for laundry. Switching to a heat pump water heater cuts water heating costs by 50-70%.
Lighting and appliances
LED bulbs use 75% less energy than incandescent. If you still have incandescent bulbs anywhere in your home, replacing them is one of the quickest payback investments available. Unplug devices that draw standby power: TVs, game consoles, and phone chargers collectively add $100-$200/year in 'phantom load'.
Insulation upgrades
If your attic insulation is below R-30, adding more is one of the highest-ROI upgrades available. Proper attic insulation cuts heating and cooling costs by 15-20%. Pair it with air sealing before adding new insulation for maximum impact.
Bottom line
Prioritize in order: HVAC tune-up and smart thermostat, air sealing, attic insulation, and water heater improvements. Most homeowners can cut energy bills 20-30% with targeted upgrades under $1,500.
Need hvac work done?
Novum sends its own licensed crew. Flat upfront quote before we touch anything.